A Key Ingredient for Achieving Lasting Change


For many, the beginning of a new year is a time to reevaluate the past year, set new goals, and map out a plan to achieve them.

Change can be difficult. Life can be busy and overwhelming sometimes, and it is easy to get complacent or become “stuck.”

As such, to make lasting change, it’s important to figure out what you want and why you want it. You will want to make your ‘why’ as meaningful as possible for the greatest success in achieving your goals.

A good strategy to identify your ‘why’ is to engage in a self-affirmation exercise. This involves thinking about things that are important to you (e.g., family, values, etc.).

A 2015 study by Falk and colleagues instructed people to engage in a self-affirmation exercise. Then they were given typical advice about the health benefits of exercise.

Next, using brain scans, researchers measured activity in the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex—the area of the brain that helps determine if study participants took the advice about exercise to heart.

Results showed that those in the self-affirmation group ‘took the advice to heart,” and, in addition, they exercised more than the group who didn’t engage in the self-affirmation exercise.


Takeaway Message

Identifying your reasons is important when making change, but remember that your ‘why’ needs to be meaningful and impactful.

Once you have clearly articulated your reasons for change, you will want to review them regularly to keep them top of mind.

Once started, try to stay the course for at least 66 days, as research shows that it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit.

3 Tips for Achieving Lasting Change

The following strategies can help in achieving your goals:


1. Have a Growth Mindset

There is great wisdom in the quote, “Whether you believe you can or you believe you can’t, you’re right.”

Yeager and colleagues (2014) examined high school students who believed people could change. They found that these students reported feeling less stress and anxiety, felt better about themselves, and reported better physical health than students who didn’t think people could change.

Start by paying attention to your thoughts and words. Do you tend to be more pessimistic? If so, you will want to work on challenging your negative thoughts. As these thoughts are often inaccurate or untrue, you will benefit from identifying and modifying them into more positive and accurate thoughts.


2. Watch for Confirmation Bias

Confirmation bias is a psychological phenomenon in which we search for information that supports our point of view while ignoring information that contradicts it.

Confirmation bias can derail you in the following way. If you tell yourself you can’t change and then experience a setback, you will probably view this setback—no matter how small—as evidence that you can’t change.

Instead, look at setbacks as opportunities to make mid-course corrections. Ask yourself questions such as:

  • How can I make this work?
  • Is there only one way to do this, or could multiple right answers exist?
  • If this situation happened to someone else, how would they handle this setback?

3. Focus on Preventing a Negative Outcome

To create lasting change, it can help to focus on a negative outcome you want to avoid.

Tannenbaum and colleagues (2015) analyzed over 127 different studies with over 27,000 people. They found that fear is highly effective at creating a behaviour change.

This strategy involves associating pain with the behaviour you want to change.

Here is an example from my life. My father (at age 40) walked up a flight of stairs with a 70-year-old man. Upon reaching the top, my father was utterly winded while the elderly gentleman breathed fine. At that moment, my father realized how bad his lung capacity had become after smoking for the past 20 years. This incident and knowing several people with COPD were the driving force that helped him quit smoking.

 

So, ‘fear’ or a desire to avoid pain can help to create change.

Studies show that pairing this strategy (focusing on a negative outcome you want to avoid) with identifying a positive outcome is even more beneficial for creating change.


Is there any habit you find particularly difficult to change?

What strategy do you find most helpful?

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Article by
Trevor Sullivan, MA, RP
Registered Psychotherapist
January 18, 2021